Only two things I don't agree with posted above...Remington Core-Lokts are crap and shot placement is not everything.
I have well over 100 head of big game in the books with deer from 4 yards to 1010 yards and elk from 30 yards to 505. I have been present for shots on more than 400 additional head of big game with all variety of cartidges.
Powder...if 4831SC is suitable for your cartridge, use it. VERY temperature and altitude stable.
Rem Core-Lokts, of the 30 or so wounded game I have seen in person, long trails or never recovered, at least 20 have been with CLs. I will buy someone a box of Federal Fusion before I let them hunt with CL. If you want to go cheap, the Fusion is a decent inexpensive slug.
Here are some to consider that I have a lot of experience with.
Winchester Silver Tips. Hard as heck to find, but they were one of the best before all the polymer tipped stuff came out. The aluminum tip did not deform and they had excellent terminal ballitics. Cow elk at 425 yards had the slug (.30-06) just under the off side skin, perfect mushroom, 89% weight retention.
Nosler: The Partitions have great terminal performance, above average accuracy, but the lead tip is easily deformed which does affect accuracy. While I have used them a lot, the thing of making sure the chambered round is perfect became a PITA for me. The Ballisitc tips are too fragile, especially on big game, but I do use them for Antelope in the .243. The Accubonds have performed well for me, however I have talked to one guy that hated them. When pressed, I beleive it was an unskilled hunter with very poor placement.
Barnes TTSX is a very good bullet. You might lose a little barrel life and they are a bit harder on the throat, but for a hunting rifle, that is of little concern to me. Had one cow elk at 80 yards take 3 shots from a .30-378 and only the third one opened up based on exit holes. We think the first two went straight through the lungs hitting no bone on the way in or out. Only one bullet path had significant damage. All three were fatal, but new jacked up hunter dumped three rounds in like 6 seconds. He tried a 4th, but was out of ammo. I had to grab his hand to keep him from reloading.
Hornady: While the SST is good, the InterBond is better. The Interlock is a no-go for me for the same reason as the Partition.
I would pick two 50 round boxes of the following (all silimar in performance) and use the one that is the most accurate: Nosler Accubond, Barnes TTSX, Hornady InterBond, Swift Scirocco.
While shot placement is certainly important (gained by practice), big game does not hang out at the range. The conditions and positions affect a lot of things and sooner or later, you will not have perfect shot placement. That is when the better bullet might be a benefit. If I knew i was going to have a bad shot behind the diaphragm, give me a Ballistic tip. If I knew I was going to have a hip or shoulder shot on a bull elk, give me a Woodleigh or a Bear Claw. The 4 I listed above bridge the gap between the Uber tough and explosive and are therefore the best for big game IMHO.
The .308 is a decent mid powered round and what my 11 year old will be using on his first big game hunts in 2013. When you leave the .308 in search of "more power" avoid the magnumitis. There are several very good rounds with more horsepower in standard length actions. The .338-06 is my personal favorite, bu the .35 Whelen and .338 Federal are also good options for larger bores. Some of the .30 caliber magnums have short barrel life, very high bolt thrust and are a PITA to reload. The belted magnums headspace off the belt and are a little trickier to keep accurate with full length sizing as opposed to the rounds that headspace off the shoulder. If you have no desire to shoot big game past say 400 yards, there is not really any big benefit either. Personally, with a quality bullet, I like to use a rule of thumb of at least 2x body weight for energy levels. Meaning, for a 500 pound cow elk, the max range for me is where the energy hits 1000 ft-lbs.



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